CAHPS Mental Health Care Surveys
Many organizations are interested in assessing and improving patient experience with behavioral health, mental health, and/or substance abuse services. Two CAHPS products are available to address this need:
- Supplemental items for the CAHPS Clinician & Group Survey and the CAHPS Health Plan Survey
- CAHPS Experience of Care and Health Outcomes (ECHO) Survey, which was released in 2003 and is focused on the experiences of health plan enrollees
In response to changes in the ways behavioral health services are provided, the CAHPS Consortium has also been developing and testing a revision of the ECHO instrument, which will be called the Mental Health Care Survey. It can be used for all patients receiving care for mental, emotional, or behavioral health issues, regardless of setting.
Supplemental Items: Access to Mental Health Care
Users of the CAHPS Health Plan Survey or CAHPS Clinician & Group Survey can add a short set of six question to ask respondents about their experiences with access to mental health services. These items were released in late spring 2021.
- Review supplemental mental health care items for the Health Plan Survey.
- Review supplemental mental health care items for the Clinician & Group Survey.
Experience of Care & Health Outcomes (ECHO) Survey
The CAHPS® Experience of Care and Health Outcomes (ECHO) Survey asks health plan enrollees about their experiences with behavioral healthcare and services. It is appropriate for patients with a range of service needs, including those with severe mental illness, but does not include questions about inpatient stays or self-help groups.
The ECHO Survey can be used for multiple purposes:
- To improve the quality of mental health and substance abuse services.
- To evaluate and monitor the quality of behavioral healthcare organizations.
- To hold providers accountable through public reporting.
Users of the ECHO Survey have included State Medicaid agencies, State mental health agencies, managed behavioral health organizations (MBHOs), and managed care organizations (MCOs).
Get the ECHO Survey
The ECHO Survey 3.0 includes standardized instruments and optional supplemental items for adults and children who received mental health or substance abuse services in the previous 12 months through a managed care organization or managed behavioral healthcare organization. Supplemental items that can be used to customize the questionnaire are available for adults only.
Download the Managed Care Organization (MCO) Survey and Instructions (ZIP, 4 MB)—The MCO Survey asks enrollees about treatment, counseling, and administrative services, such as experiences filling out paperwork or finding information in written materials. The Adult version is available in English and Spanish; the Child version is available in English only.
Download the Managed Behavioral Health Care Organization (MBHO) Survey and Instructions (ZIP, 4 MB)—The MBHO Survey asks enrollees primarily about treatment and services; only a few questions focus on administrative services. The Adult version is available in English and Spanish; the Child version is available in English only.
Note: Information in the guidance documents is based on the survey developers' extensive research into best practices in survey design and administration as well as analyses of data collected during the field testing of each instrument. AHRQ does not require the use of a specific methodology for sampling or survey administration.
Also, the documentation available for the ECHO Survey does not reflect recent changes (e.g., changes in administrative codes) or refinements in the sampling guidance provided for newer CAHPS surveys. If you have questions about the ECHO Survey, please contact the CAHPS Help Line at CAHPS1@westat.com.
Users of this survey may also want to consult the following guidance:
Quality Measures From the ECHO Survey
Measures for adults: The ECHO Survey for adults produces the following measures of patient experience:
- Getting treatment quickly.
- How well clinicians communicate.
- Getting treatment and information from the plan (or MBHO).
- Perceived improvement.
- Information about treatment options.
- Overall rating of counseling and treatment (MCO and MBHO).
- Overall rating of the health plan (MCO only).
Ten questions that do not group well with other items can be reported as single-item measures:
- Having to wait in the office.
- Being told about medication side effects.
- Including family and friends in treatment.
- Getting enough information to manage the condition.
- Getting information about patient rights.
- Whether the patient feels that he or she can refuse treatment.
- Privacy of information.
- Cultural competency.
- Helpfulness of counseling or treatment.
- Getting treatment after benefits are used up.
Review measures from the CAHPS ECHO Survey 3.0.
Measures for children. The CAHPS team did not develop and test a set of measures from the child version of the surveys.
Brief History
The ECHO Survey is the result of a collaborative effort to evaluate and merge the original Consumer Assessment of Behavioral Health Survey (CAHBS) and the Mental Health Statistics Improvement Program (MHSIP) survey. The survey has been tested with a wide range of behavioral health consumers to ensure that the items are easily understood. It was released in 2003 and updated periodically.
Learn about the development of the CAHPS ECHO Survey.